Alprazolam is a fast-acting depressant of the triazolobenzodiazepine class. Developed by Jackson Hester Jr. at the Upjohn Company, it was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1981. It is widely prescribed for the management of anxiety and panic disorders and remains one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the U.S. Regular or excessive use can lead to physical dependence and addiction.
Alprazolam molecular structure diagram from the DrugsPRO substance library.
Also known as: Bars, Xans, Xanax, Tafil, Kalma, Ksalol, Trankimazin, Cassadan, Alprazolamum, Alprax, Zopax
Classification
Chemical: Benzodiazepine
Chemical: Medicine
Psychoactive: Depressant
Tag: Anticonvulsant
Tag: Anxiolytic
Tag: Common
Tag: GABAergic
Tag: Habit-Forming
Tag: Muscle Relaxant
Tag: Sedative
Effects
Sedation
Muscle Relaxation
Physical Euphoria
Respiratory Depression
Seizure Suppression
Anxiolytic
Amnesia
Anxiety Suppression
Thought Deceleration
Information Processing Suppression
Euphoria
Compulsive Redosing
Disinhibition
Perception Of Bodily Heaviness
Visual Acuity Suppression
Appetite Intensification
Taste Enhancement
Taste Suppression
Routes of Administration
Oral
Dosage
Heavy: 4+ mg
Light: 0.25 – 0.5 mg
Common: 0.5 – 1.5 mg
Strong: 1.5 – 2 mg
Threshold: 0.125 mg
Duration
Onset: 0.33-0.67 h
Comeup: 0.8-1.5 h
Peak: 1-2 h
Offset: 2-4 h
After Effects: 6-24 h
Total Duration: 6-12 h
Inhaled
Dosage
Heavy: 1 mg
Light: 0.05 – 0.25 mg
Common: 0.25 – 0.5 mg
Strong: 0.5 – 1 mg
Threshold: 0.05 mg
Duration
Onset: 0-0 h
Comeup: 0.1-0.2 h
Peak: 1-2 h
Offset: 2-3 h
After Effects: 4-24 h
Harm Reduction
Check interactions before mixing substances, pay attention to dose spacing and hydration, and treat all dosage guidance as approximate rather than guaranteed safe.
Sources
Substance data is aggregated from the following public harm-reduction and reference sources.
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Alprazolam - DrugsPRO Substanzleitfaden
Alprazolam: Alprazolam is a fast-acting depressant of the triazolobenzodiazepine class. Developed by Jackson Hester Jr. at the Upjohn Company, it was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1981. It is widely prescribed for the management of anxiety and panic disorders
